Lip Morphometry and Morphologic Pattern Variation Among Ethnic Groups in Delta State, Nigeria

Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the lip morphometry and morphologic pattern variation among ethnic groups in Delta State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A multistage sampling technique was employed and a total of 385 people participated in this study; consisting of 128 males and 257 females. The populace are indigenous people from five different ethnic groups namely Urhobo, Anioma, Isoko, Ijaw and Itsekir;i with 77 participants from each ethnic group. With the aid of a digital sliding vernier caliper (validated by calibrating to 0.01mm), the lip measurements were obtained from participants. Results: Among the participants, the most prevalent lip shape is the full lips (121). Lower lip height (p = 0.001), total lip height (p = 0.000), vermillion height of the lower lip (p = 0.000), and philtrum width (p = 0.000) demonstrated significant ethnic differences. Males and females divulged comparable lip dimensions, with significant variation (p= 0.005) noted in the philtrum width. Conclusion: The full lips emerged as the dominant morphologic pattern. Significant differences in lower lip height, total lip height, vermilion height of the lower lip, and philtrum width across ethnicities reinforce the need for localized anthropometric data in medical, cosmetic, and forensic disciplines. Keywords: Lip Morphometry, Morphologic Pattern, Variation, Delta, Nigeria.